Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (UK: /ˌdɒstɔɪˈɛfski/, US: /ˌdɒstəˈjɛfski, ˌdʌs-/; Russian: Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский, tr. Fyódor Mikháylovich Dostoyévskiy, IPA: [ˈfʲɵdər mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ dəstɐˈjefskʲɪj] (listen); 11 November 1821 – 9 February 1881), sometimes transliterated as Dostoyevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore the human condition in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). His 1864 novella, Notes from Underground, is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. Numerous literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as many of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles. However, he was arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group, the Petrashevsky Circle, that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia. Dostoevsky was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment. He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers. Dostoevsky's body of work consists of 13 novels, 3 novellas, 17 short stories, and numerous other works. His writings were widely read both within and beyond his native Russia and influenced an equally great number of later writers including Russians such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Anton Chekhov, philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages, and served as the basis for many films.
Birthday: November 11, 1821
Death: February 09, 1881
January 01, 1992
May 23, 1951
September 19, 1921
December 04, 1947
March 16, 1984
May 01, 2018
April 01, 2022
November 01, 1959
December 02, 1983
January 01, 1977
December 12, 2000
December 03, 2007
April 01, 1993
April 24, 2008
October 07, 1992
November 08, 1926
April 03, 2014
October 22, 1947
January 01, 2019
January 01, 1967
December 02, 1980
February 11, 1994
January 28, 2004
July 13, 2006
March 02, 1946
June 29, 1971
June 07, 1946
January 10, 1969
August 27, 1969
January 10, 1990
June 06, 2001
January 20, 1971
September 28, 1970
May 12, 1958
July 06, 1968
February 01, 1971
February 12, 2002
August 07, 2008
February 05, 2010
March 02, 1972
January 01, 1970
June 29, 1949
December 01, 1990
September 01, 1915
September 29, 2013
November 15, 1983
October 04, 1971
November 12, 1981
June 01, 2017
November 06, 2023
January 01, 1974
December 05, 1969
January 01, 1924
January 01, 1913
January 01, 1920
January 01, 1919
October 11, 1929
January 22, 1922
January 01, 2006
November 03, 1916
February 12, 1979
April 22, 2011
May 06, 2021
November 17, 2000
January 01, 2011
January 01, 2005
November 24, 2023
February 11, 1998
Invalid Date
October 20, 2011
November 14, 1957
October 11, 1998
April 17, 2021
December 07, 1994
November 22, 2010
January 01, 1989
April 17, 1970
November 11, 1984
September 19, 2000
October 12, 1960
June 15, 1992
August 09, 1956
July 20, 2007
January 01, 2015
May 02, 1969
February 27, 1985
January 01, 1989
September 10, 1979
October 14, 1974
November 26, 2022
September 17, 2015
December 07, 2013
January 01, 2008
June 02, 1993
October 27, 2009
February 24, 1988
June 27, 1990
November 17, 1972
September 06, 1938
April 01, 1994
April 09, 1932
December 22, 2002
June 01, 2002
November 01, 2020
October 22, 2018
September 12, 1973
February 13, 2005
October 02, 1991
August 16, 2017
January 24, 2016
May 11, 2019
October 11, 1966
Invalid Date
October 11, 1991
July 26, 1968
January 04, 1910
October 26, 1923
January 01, 1979
May 17, 1935
June 19, 1946
July 05, 1951
March 17, 1976
August 31, 1938
October 16, 1945
September 03, 1981
February 05, 1931
December 04, 1956
October 26, 1958
September 12, 1995
June 11, 1965
January 15, 1965
November 22, 1935
February 20, 1958
January 01, 1988
September 18, 1996
November 29, 1962
May 13, 2015
November 05, 1959
January 01, 1987
May 17, 2012
February 25, 1999
October 09, 2011
October 30, 1997
March 25, 1999
April 13, 2012
October 19, 2014
September 01, 2016
June 17, 2005
January 01, 1983
January 01, 1994
December 19, 1969
June 06, 2006
February 06, 1967
January 01, 1999
May 23, 2023
November 15, 2017
November 09, 2007
March 06, 1991
July 20, 1921
January 01, 1991
November 28, 1921
January 01, 2001
January 01, 1959
October 04, 1996
February 25, 1917
December 04, 2019
January 01, 1993
February 19, 1934
May 09, 1919
January 01, 2016
November 17, 2004
January 12, 2013
November 16, 1969
May 12, 2003
October 01, 1971
January 01, 1991
April 19, 1970
September 26, 1959
May 25, 2014
February 12, 2002
May 22, 1979
September 07, 1970